This document presents the proceedings of the 21st Annual Research Forum held June 30, 2016, at Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. Included are the following 11 action research papers: The Use of Mexican Folk Art to Develop Oral and Written Language Ability and Cultural Awareness in the Secondary Spanish Classroom (Antonio Alanis), The Effect of Writing on Achievement and Attitudes in Mathematics (Andrew Boudon), History Teaches Us to Hope: Integrating Hope Theory into Secondary Social Studies (Joshua T. Campbell), Teaching the 2016 Presidential Election through News Media Literacy and the Liberating Education Model (Ali Chohan), Using Social Justice Education to Develop Literacy and Global Awareness in the Secondary French Classroom (Kate McCrea), Integrating Francophone Cinema into the High School French Class (Jordan Rowell), The Effect of Intelligent Tutoring Systems on Student Attitudes and Achievement (Sarah A. Smith), Instructional Strategies to Build Higher-Order Thinking Skills and Develop Language Ability in the Secondary Spanish Classroom (Sarah Henion Smith), Multimedia and Historical Empathy in the Social Studies Classroom (Matthew Stran), Impact of Narrative Readings on Student Achievement and Interest in U.S. History Classrooms (Jake Thornton), Exploring the Effect of Social Studies Simulations on Student Engagement in the Secondary Classroom (Stacey Walker). [Individual papers contain references, tables, and figures. For the 2015 Research Digest, see ED559718. ]