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Guo, Jiesi; Hu, Xiang; Marsh, Herbert W.; Pekrun, Reinhard – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2022
The proliferation of information and divergent viewpoints in the 21st century requires an educated citizenry with the ability to critically evaluate information and make informed decisions. To meet this demand, adaptive epistemic understandings and beliefs about the nature of knowledge are needed, such as believing that scientific knowledge is…
Descriptors: Science Achievement, Foreign Countries, Achievement Tests, International Assessment
Marsh, Herbert W.; Craven, Rhonda G. – 2002
This chapter examines how adolescents' self-concept beliefs are powerfully influenced by frame of reference effects, which involve students comparisons of their ability levels with those of other students in the immediate context as well as assessments of their own ability and academic accomplishments. Noting that academic self-concept is…
Descriptors: Academic Ability, Academically Gifted, Adolescent Attitudes, Adolescents