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Pan, Zilong; Liu, Min – Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 2022
This mixed-method study introduced an adaptive scaffolding system to support middle school science problem-based learning (PBL) activities. 298 6th-graders were grouped into three conditions, which are the adaptive scaffolding group, the non-adaptive scaffolding group, and a control group that did not receive any scaffoldings. Results showed that…
Descriptors: Grade 6, Problem Based Learning, Scaffolding (Teaching Technique), Middle School Students
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Kang, Jina; Liu, Min – Technology, Knowledge and Learning, 2022
An open-ended serious game can engage students' scientific problem-solving processes. However, understanding how students learn higher-order thinking skills through solving a problem in an open-ended game system is a challenge. The complex game systems may make learning more difficult for students with different characteristics such as an at-risk…
Descriptors: Student Behavior, Behavior Patterns, Navigation, Educational Games
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Liu, Min; Cai, Ying; Han, Songhee; Shao, Peixia – Journal of Learning Analytics, 2022
Research on learning analytics (LA) has focused mostly at the university level. LA research in the K-12 setting is needed. This study aimed to understand 4,115 middle school students' learning paths based on their behavioural patterns and the relationship with performance levels when they used a digital learning game as their science curriculum.…
Descriptors: Learning Analytics, Navigation, Game Based Learning, Middle School Students
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Liu, Min; Li, Chenglu; Pan, Zilong; Pan, Xin – Interactive Learning Environments, 2023
More research is needed on how to best use analytics to support educational decisions and design effective learning environments. This study was to explore and mine the data captured by a digital educational game designed for middle school science to understand learners' behavioral patterns in using the game, and to use evidence-based findings to…
Descriptors: Computer Games, Educational Games, Instructional Design, Instructional Effectiveness
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Liu, Min; Shi, Yi; Pan, Zilong; Li, ChengLu; Pan, Xin; Lopez, Frances – Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 2021
Literature has documented the benefits of problem-based learning (PBL), but also shown significant barriers to using PBL in K-12 education. Yet, the research describing why and how K-12 teachers implement PBL is insufficient. In this qualitative study, using semi-structured interviews, we investigate why 25 middle school teachers chose to…
Descriptors: Middle School Teachers, Science Teachers, Space Sciences, Teacher Motivation
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Liu, Min; Pan, Zilong; Cai, Ying; Shao, Peixia; Han, Songhee – Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia, 2021
This study examined how 465 socioeconomically disadvantaged middle school students used a multimedia-enriched problem-based learning (PBL) program. Using a mixed-methods design, we investigated the impact of PBL on students' performance, and relationship among students' self-efficacy, attitude toward science, and performance. The findings showed…
Descriptors: Multimedia Instruction, Science Instruction, Academic Achievement, Skill Development