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Direct linkDeng, Yaochen; Lei, Lei; Liu, Dilin – Applied Linguistics, 2021
In the past two decades, syntactic complexity measures (e.g. the length or number of words per clause/t-unit/sentences and number of clauses per t-unit/sentence, and types of clauses used) have been widely used to determine and benchmark language proficiency development in speaking and writing. (Norris and Ortega 2009; Lu 2011). However, the…
Descriptors: Syntax, Phrase Structure, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
Liu, Dilin; Myers, Daniel – Language Teaching Research, 2020
English phrasal verbs (PVs) are ubiquitous and often polysemous. These lexical items are thus very important, but also challenging for ESL/EFL learners. Substantial research that can inform instructional approaches to PVs has already been conducted. One strand of this research has focused on identifying PVs that merit prioritization in learning.…
Descriptors: Computational Linguistics, Phrase Structure, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning
Liu, Dilin; Zhong, Shouman – Applied Linguistics, 2016
Synonymy is important but difficult for language learners to grasp. Using a forced-choice question instrument, along with corpus data as reference, this study examines the use of four sets of synonyms by intermediate/advanced Chinese EFL/ESL learners and native English speakers. The data analyses reveal several key findings, including a general…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Language Acquisition, Word Frequency, Phrase Structure
