Under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) of 2004 students with disabilities are entitled to specially designed physical education in the least restrictive environment outlined in their Individualized Education Program (IEP). Adapted Physical Education (APE) is physical education designed to meet the needs of all children…

A natural extension of inclusion should be to increase opportunities for leadership and the development of leadership skills. The leadership experience can improve a student's self-esteem, self-confidence, and self-perception, and it is important for all students, including those with disabilities, to have this experience. Leadership opportunities…

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act protects students' rights to equal physical education (PE). Most parents, physicians, educators, and administrators do not realize the importance of PE for disabled children nor students' legal rights. This paper examines the current problem and discusses possible solutions (e.g., become familiar…

This article identifies major barriers that impede the inclusion of students with visual impairments or deaf blindness in physical education and suggests strategies for overcoming these barriers. Barriers are grouped into teachers' barriers (e.g., lack of professional preparation), students' barriers (parental overprotection), and administrative…

Describes how to use peer tutoring to enhance the participation of students with disabilities who are integrated into regular physical education classrooms. Strategies include using dyads and specific instruction, peers to increase academic learning time, cross-age peers, and classwide peers. These strategies are designed to enhance and assess the…