Purpose: Extended optional use of direct object clitic pronouns (e.g., "la" in "Paula la vede" ["Paula sees her"]) appears to be a clinical marker for specific language impairment (SLI) in Italian. In this study, we examined whether sentence production demands might influence the degree to which Italian-speaking children with SLI produced clitics. Method: Preschool-age children with SLI ("n" = 15) and 2 groups of younger typically developing children ("n" = 15 each) participated. Production demands were varied through use of a syntactic priming task. Results: The children with SLI were more likely than the comparison children to omit the clitic in a control condition in which they had to describe a target picture without the benefit of a preceding sentence prime. The children with SLI were also more likely to describe target pictures using a default clitic or a clitic that had appeared in the preceding prime sentence but was inappropriate for the target. Conclusions: The findings suggest that children with SLI have difficulty generating a sentence containing a grammatical slot for a clitic when production demands are increased, and when they succeed in generating such a sentence, they often cannot at the same time retrieve the appropriate clitic form. (Contains 2 tables and 2 figures.)