Teachers' self-regulated learning (SRL) plays a crucial role in developing technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK), a complex professional skill. It is crucial to identify teachers' SRL activities that may lead to favorable TPACK. Previous studies have focused on the analysis of individual data sources from self-reported surveys or log…

Academic emotions play an important and complex role in self-regulated learning (SRL). However, few studies have examined how academic emotions unfold in different phases of SRL and how the changes in these emotions influence learning performance. The current study examines 98 students' academic emotion trajectories and profiles across the three…

This study examined how task complexity affected the temporal characteristics of self-regulated learning (SRL) behaviours in clinical reasoning. Eight-eight (N = 88) medical students participated in this study. They were required to diagnose two virtual patients of varying complexity in BioWorld, an intelligent tutoring system (ITS) designed to…

Computer-supported scaffolding plays a pivotal role in advancing problem-solving skills and improving cognitive learning outcomes in self-regulated learning. However, there is limited research on the effectiveness of different types of scaffolds and the role they play in the context of clinical problem-solving. This study performed latent profile…

Achievement goals are motivational antecedents which play an important role in students' self-regulated learning (SRL). Achievement goals are also found to have an influence on students' learning outcomes. However, how achievement goals and SRL jointly affect learning performance is still an underexplored area of research, especially in…

This study applies a time-driven approach to model self-regulated learning (SRL) on the basis of elapsed time metrics in the context of open-ended learning environments (OELEs), specifically, network-based tutors. In doing so, we examine how students allocated attentional resources to distinct phases of SRL as a measure of depth of information…

Emotion variability and its relationship to performance is an underexplored area of research both inside and outside the realm of medical education. We address this gap by examining the relative importance of the frequency of emotions and emotion variability that occurred in specific phases of self-regulated learning (SRL) in predicting students'…

This article presents a methodology for modelling the development of self-regulated learning skills in the context of computer-based learning environments using a combination of tracing techniques. The user-modelling techniques combine statistical and computational approaches to assess skill acquisition, practice, and refinement with the…