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Labov, William – 1969
American education has always considered the non-standard or sub-standard form of speech used by children to be an imperfect copy of standard English. The defects of this approach have now become a matter of urgent concern in the face of the tremendous educational problems of the urban ghettos. This paper reverses the usual focus and looks…
Descriptors: Black Dialects, Black Youth, Classroom Research, Contrastive Linguistics
Labov, William; And Others – 1968
Volume I of this report (AL 001 821) is a general description of the project, background and related research, the methods employed, and a linguistic analysis of the structural differences in grammar and phonology between non-standard Negro English (NNE) and Standard English (SE). Volume II is directed to a wider range of readers and deals with…
Descriptors: Age Groups, Black Attitudes, Black Culture, Black Dialects