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Reliability of the ADI-R for the Single Case-Part II: Clinical versus Statistical Significance
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Cicchetti, Domenic V.; Lord, Catherine; Koenig, Kathy; Klin, Ami; Volkmar, Fred R. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2014
In an earlier investigation, the authors assessed the reliability of the ADI-R when multiple clinicians evaluated a single case, here a female 3 year old toddler suspected of having an autism spectrum disorder (Cicchetti et al. in "J Autism Dev Disord" 38:764-770, 2008). Applying the clinical criteria of Cicchetti and Sparrow ("Am J…
Descriptors: Autism, Females, Toddlers, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Early-Emerging Social Adaptive Skills in Toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorders: An Item Analysis
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Ventola, Pamela; Saulnier, Celine A.; Steinberg, Elizabeth; Chawarska, Katarzyna; Klin, Ami – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2014
Individuals with ASD have significant impairments in adaptive skills, particularly adaptive socialization skills. The present study examined the extent to which 20 items from the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales-Socialization Domain differentiated between ASD and developmentally delayed (DD) groups. Participants included 108 toddlers with ASD or…
Descriptors: Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism, Toddlers, Socialization
Out of the Mouths of Babes: Vocal Production in Infant Siblings of Children with ASD
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Paul, Rhea; Fuerst, Yael; Ramsay, Gordon; Chawarska, Kasia; Klin, Ami – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2011
Background: Younger siblings of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are at higher risk for acquiring these disorders than the general population. Language development is usually delayed in children with ASD. The present study examines the development of pre-speech vocal behavior in infants at risk for ASD due to the presence of an older…
Descriptors: Siblings, Autism, Infants, Case Studies
Reliability of the ADI-R: Multiple Examiners Evaluate a Single Case
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Cicchetti, Domenic V.; Lord, Catherine; Koenig, Kathy; Klin, Ami; Volkmar, Fred R. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2008
The authors assessed the reliability of the Autism Diagnostic Interview (ADI-R). Seven Clinical Examiners evaluated a three and one half year old female toddler suspected of being on the Autism Spectrum. Examiners showed agreement levels of 94-96% across all items, with weighted kappa (K[subscript w]) between 0.80 and 0.88. They were in 100%…
Descriptors: Autism, Interrater Reliability, Measures (Individuals), Clinical Diagnosis
Studying the Emergence of Autism Spectrum Disorders in High-Risk Infants: Methodological and Practical Issues
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Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie; Thurm, Audrey; Stone, Wendy; Baranek, Grace; Bryson, Susan; Iverson, Jana; Kau, Alice; Klin, Ami; Lord, Cathy; Landa, Rebecca; Rogers, Sally; Sigman, Marian – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2007
Detecting early signs of autism is essential for timely diagnosis and initiation of effective interventions. Several research groups have initiated prospective studies of high-risk populations including infant siblings, to systematically collect data on early signs within a longitudinal design. Despite the potential advantages of prospective…
Descriptors: Infants, Siblings, Autism, At Risk Persons
Assessment in Multisite Randomized Clinical Trials of Patients with Autistic Disorder: The Autism RUPP Network.
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Arnold, L. Eugene; Aman, Michael G.; Martin, Andres; Collier-Crespin, Angie; Vitiello, Benedetto; Tierney, Elaine; Asarnow, Robert; Bell-Bradshaw, Felicia; Freeman, Betty Jo; Gates-Ulanet, Patricia; Klin, Ami; McCracken, James T.; McDougle, Christopher J.; McGough, James J.; Posey, David J.; Scahill, Lawrence; Swiezy, Naomi B.; Ritz, Louise; Volkmar, Fred – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2000
This paper explains how the Autism Research Units on Pediatric Psychopharmacology (RUPP Autism Network) resolved common assessment problems including communication problems compromising use of the patient as informant, broad subject heterogeneity, difficulties in assessing low-end IQs, scarcity of autism-adapted cognitive and neuropsychological…
Descriptors: Autism, Clinical Diagnosis, Evaluation Methods, Pediatrics
Brief Report: Interrater Reliability of Clinical Diagnosis and DSM-IV Criteria for Autistic Disorder: Results of the DSM-IV Autism Field Trial.
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Klin, Ami; Lang, Jason; Cicchetti, Domenic V.; Volkmar, Fred R. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2000
This study examined the inter-rater reliability of clinician-assigned diagnosis of autism using or not using the criteria specified in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual IV (DSM-IV). For experienced raters there was little difference in reliability in the two conditions. However, a clinically significant improvement in diagnostic reliability…
Descriptors: Autism, Clinical Diagnosis, Clinical Experience, Developmental Disabilities
Three Diagnostic Approaches to Asperger Syndrome: Implications for Research
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Klin, Ami; Pauls, David; Schultz, Robert; Volkmar, Fred – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2005
Objective: To examine the implications for research of the use of three alternative definitions for Asperger syndrome (AS). Differences across the three nosologic systems were examined in terms of diagnostic assignment, IQ profiles, comorbid symptoms, and familial aggregation of social and other psychiatric symptoms. Method: Standard data on…
Descriptors: Asperger Syndrome, Autism, Probability, Clinical Diagnosis
Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Second Year: Stability and Change in Syndrome Expression
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Chawarska, Katarzyna; Klin, Ami; Paul, Rhea; Volkmar, Fred – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2007
Objectives: Increasing numbers of young children referred for a differential diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) necessitates better understanding of the early syndrome expression and the utility of the existing state-of-the art diagnostic methods in this population. Method: Out of 31 infants under the age of 2 years referred for a…
Descriptors: Language Impairments, Observation, Autism, Clinical Diagnosis
Nosological and Genetic Aspects of Asperger Syndrome.
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Volkmar, Fred R.; Klin, Ami; Pauls, David – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1998
This paper examines the validity of Asperger syndrome as a condition apart from high-functioning autism. Potential differences between Asperger syndrome and autism is possible if both are strictly defined. The importance of genetic factors in Asperger syndrome is stressed. Research on the nosological validity of this condition and its relationship…
Descriptors: Asperger Syndrome, Autism, Clinical Diagnosis, Definitions
Asperger's Syndrome: A Comparison of Clinical Diagnoses and Those Made According to the ICD-10 and DSM-IV
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Woodbury-Smith, Marc; Klin, Ami; Volkmar, Fred – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2005
The diagnostic criteria for Asperger Syndrome (AS) according to ICD-10 and DSM-IV have been criticized as being too narrow in view of the rules of onset and precedence, whereby autism takes precedence over AS in a diagnostic hierarchy. In order to investigate this further, cases from the DSM-IV multicenter study who had been diagnosed clinically…
Descriptors: Asperger Syndrome, Clinical Diagnosis, Autism, Diagnostic Tests
Parental Recognition of Developmental Problems in Toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Chawarska, Katarzyna; Paul, Rhea; Klin, Ami; Hannigen, Sarah; Dichtel, Laura E.; Volkmar, Fred – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2007
Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) begin to manifest during the first 2 years; there is limited evidence regarding type and timing of symptom onset. We examined factors related to parental age of recognition (AOR) of early abnormalities and the association between AOR and diagnosis and levels of functioning at 2 and 4 years in 75 toddlers…
Descriptors: Toddlers, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Symptoms (Individual Disorders)
Concurrent Validity and Classification Accuracy of the Leiter and Leiter-R in Low Functioning Children with Autism.
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Tsatsanis, Katherine D.; Dartnall, Nancy; Cicchetti, Domenic; Sparrow, Sara S.; Klin, Ami; Volkmar, Fred R. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2003
The concurrent validity of the original and revised versions of the Leiter International Performance Scale was examined with 26 children (ages 4-16) with autism. Although the correlation between the two tests was high (.87), there were significant intra-individual discrepancies present in 10 cases, two of which were both large and clinically…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Autism, Children, Clinical Diagnosis