The variety of conventional and creative responses of U.S. higher education institutions to declining enrollments and related educational change is outlined, and the shift in the role of state governments in higher education is discussed. (MSE)

Problems for boards, presidents and the professoriate are cited and some strategies for dealing with them are suggested. Some pressures are identified, including adaptation of institutional structures and curricula to needs of the individual and society; and the admission, retention, and graduation of women, minority, low-income and disadvantaged…

Under the Master Plan of 1960, California was the first state to provide universal access to higher education for all high school graduates. Despite great success at all levels, higher education in California is now facing a crisis. National and state-wide recessions have reduced resources while potential enrollment is sharply increasing from…