A study explored why differential learner performance exists across work-based learning providers. Attention focused on retention, achievement, and completion as key indicators of work-based learning performance. Findings showed providers should encourage take-up by learners; provide a process to get learners started; provide teaching and learning support activities; promote completion of National Vocational Qualifications (NVQ) certification and framework achievement; and should provide leadership and management. The nine-page report is followed by a list of key areas for provider improvement and discussion that expands upon them. Suggestions included the following: reach out to learners and employers, shift perceptions, use local labor market information, work closely with employers, focus on recruitment and initial assessment, give good advice, work with learners, maximize retention, develop staff and build effective partnerships. Each section highlights practices working for providers involved in the study; lists key messages relating to the topic; and suggests ways to take it forward. A summary makes these recommendations for maximizing performance: making the investment, setting priorities and timescales, short-term priorities, mid-term adjustments, and long-term strategy. An interview schedule and 12 references are appended. (YLB)