In total, more than 40 percent of the students in California's public schools speak a language other than English at home. In the 2016-17 school year, 21 percent (or more than 1.3 million) of all students were English Learners (ELs). When students who were formerly English Learners are added in, the population of "ever ELs" expands to 38 percent of all K-12 students in the state. This report provides a demographic overview of California's English Learner students, describes a number of recent educational policy changes that impact these students, and highlights policy changes and opportunities going forward.