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Hawkins, Robert P.; Pingree, Suzanne – Journal of Broadcasting, 1981
Based on a review of television's influence on social reality beliefs, a model is proposed to examine how individuals use television to construct such beliefs. Evidence suggests that television has some influence on attitudes related to violence, sex, old age, and family values and structure. Twenty-two references are cited. (Author/MER)
Descriptors: Broadcast Television, Guidelines, Models, Research Design

Hawkins, Robert P.; And Others – Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 1991
Describes a 1979 study of fifth-, eighth-, and eleventh-grade students that was conducted to investigate television viewing behaviors. The study focused on overall viewing activity, content decisions (i.e., loyalty to individual series or to a genre), and program stability (i.e., how often viewers change channels during a program). (14 references)…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Cluster Analysis, Decision Making, Elementary Secondary Education