An inventory is made of external factors potentially affecting schools, colleges, and departments of education (SCDEs) grouped into nine factor clusters: (1) income and expenditure; (2) personnel supply and demand; (3) competition from emerging alternative programs; (4) governance; (5) new and altered instructional programs; (6) status and…

This document examines eight factors perceived by the researchers to affect or explain individual and institutional behavior for a substantial number of schools, colleges, and departments of education (SCDEs), especially in relation to current or projected knowledge production and utilization (KPU) activity. These "contextual…