Publication Date
| In 2025 | 0 |
| Since 2024 | 0 |
| Since 2021 (last 5 years) | 0 |
| Since 2016 (last 10 years) | 0 |
| Since 2006 (last 20 years) | 1 |
Descriptor
| Case Studies | 1 |
| Data Analysis | 1 |
| Error Correction | 1 |
| Error of Measurement | 1 |
| Foreign Countries | 1 |
| Multivariate Analysis | 1 |
| Research Methodology | 1 |
| Surveys | 1 |
Source
| International Journal of… | 1 |
Author
| Gorard, Stephen | 1 |
Publication Type
| Journal Articles | 1 |
| Reports - Descriptive | 1 |
Education Level
Audience
Location
Laws, Policies, & Programs
Assessments and Surveys
What Works Clearinghouse Rating
Direct linkGorard, Stephen – International Journal of Research & Method in Education, 2007
This paper presents an argument against the wider adoption of complex forms of data analysis, using multi-level modeling (MLM) as an extended case study. MLM was devised to overcome some deficiencies in existing datasets, such as the bias caused by clustering. The paper suggests that MLM has an unclear theoretical and empirical basis, has not led…
Descriptors: Data Analysis, Research Methodology, Error of Measurement, Error Correction
