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A Switch Is Not a Switch: Syntactically-Driven Bilingual Language Control
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Gollan, Tamar H.; Goldrick, Matthew – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
The current study investigated the possibility that language switches could be relatively automatically triggered by context. "Single-word switches," in which bilinguals switched languages on a single word in midsentence and then immediately switched back, were contrasted with more complete "whole-language switches," in which…
Descriptors: Syntax, Bilingualism, Code Switching (Language), Speech Communication
Bimodal Bilingualism and the Frequency-Lag Hypothesis
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Emmorey, Karen; Petrich, Jennifer A. F.; Gollan, Tamar H. – Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 2013
The frequency-lag hypothesis proposes that bilinguals have slowed lexical retrieval relative to monolinguals and in their nondominant language relative to their dominant language, particularly for low-frequency words. These effects arise because bilinguals divide their language use between 2 languages and use their nondominant language less…
Descriptors: Deafness, Bilingualism, Monolingualism, Language Processing
Self-Ratings of Spoken Language Dominance: A Multilingual Naming Test (MINT) and Preliminary Norms for Young and Aging Spanish-English Bilinguals
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Gollan, Tamar H.; Weissberger, Gali H.; Runnqvist, Elin; Montoya, Rosa I.; Cera, Cynthia M. – Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2012
This study investigated correspondence between different measures of bilingual language proficiency contrasting self-report, proficiency interview, and picture naming skills. Fifty-two young (Experiment 1) and 20 aging (Experiment 2) Spanish-English bilinguals provided self-ratings of proficiency level, were interviewed for spoken proficiency, and…
Descriptors: Language Dominance, Speech, Oral Language, Multilingualism
Accessibility of the Nondominant Language in Picture Naming: A Counterintuitive Effect of Dementia on Bilingual Language Production
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Gollan, Tamar H.; Salmon, David P.; Montoya, Rosa I.; da Pena, Eileen – Neuropsychologia, 2010
The current study tested the assumption that bilinguals with dementia regress to using primarily the dominant language. Spanish-English bilinguals with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD; n = 29), and matched bilingual controls (n = 42) named Boston Naming Test pictures in their dominant and nondominant languages. Surprisingly, differences between…
Descriptors: Language Dominance, Semantics, Alzheimers Disease, Language Tests
What Causes the Bilingual Disadvantage in Verbal Fluency? The Dual-Task Analogy
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Sandoval, Tiffany C.; Gollan, Tamar H.; Ferreira, Victor S.; Salmon, David P. – Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2010
We investigated the consequences of bilingualism for verbal fluency by comparing bilinguals to monolinguals, and dominant versus non-dominant-language fluency. In Experiment 1, bilinguals produced fewer correct responses, slower first response times and proportionally delayed retrieval, relative to monolinguals. In Experiment 2, similar results…
Descriptors: Language Dominance, Speech Communication, Oral Language, Competition
More Use Almost Always Means a Smaller Frequency Effect: Aging, Bilingualism, and the Weaker Links Hypothesis
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Gollan, Tamar H.; Montoya, Rosa I.; Cera, Cynthia; Sandoval, Tiffany C. – Journal of Memory and Language, 2008
The "weaker links" hypothesis proposes that bilinguals are disadvantaged relative to monolinguals on speaking tasks because they divide frequency-of-use between two languages. To test this proposal, we contrasted the effects of increased word use associated with monolingualism, language dominance, and increased age on picture naming times. In two…
Descriptors: Language Dominance, Speech Communication, Monolingualism, Bilingualism
Should I Stay or Should I Switch? A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Voluntary Language Switching in Young and Aging Bilinguals
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Gollan, Tamar H.; Ferreira, Victor S. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2009
Bilinguals spontaneously switch languages in conversation even though laboratory studies reveal robust cued language switching costs. The authors investigated how voluntary-switching costs might differ when switches are voluntary. Younger (Experiments 1-2) and older (Experiment 3) Spanish-English bilinguals named pictures in 3 conditions: (a)…
Descriptors: Language Dominance, Older Adults, Bilingualism, Code Switching (Language)