This textbook, intended for graduate students in introductory educational supervision courses, draws on the research on effective schools, teacher and adult development, and supervisory practice, as well as on direct practical experience, to provide information that supervisors can use to help their schools be more successful. The term…

Effective teacher supervision for successful schools seeks to remove obstacles in the work environment that hinder teachers from seeing each other at work, receiving feedback from others, engaging in professional dialog, and participating in decisions about collective instructional actions. Just as teachers try to encourage the cognitive…

This paper discusses current and future research on alternative supervisory approaches matched to developmental levels of teachers. The two major questions for research were: (1) Is there an interaction between individual characteristics of teachers and supervisory approach with regard to preference and performance? and (2) Can supervisors acquire…