The purpose of this survey was to examine recent (since 1965) and projected enrollment trends in the nation's nonpublic schools and to explore the causes and consequences of these trends. Information on 14 groups of private and parochial schools was collected, although the authors emphasize that their research was not exhaustive. The results show an overall decline from the 1965-66 enrollment high point to 1976, although Catholic schools suffered a much greater enrollment decline than other private and parochial schools. Some varieties of nonpublic schools (such as private alternative schools) have gained enrollment across the ten-year period. The data show that with the exception of Catholic schools, enrollment decline has generally been resisted in nonpublic schools. The data indicate that during the past five years, the demand for nonpublic schools has taken a decided upturn, especially for nonpublic schools that represent a strong protest against certain features of public education. On the basis of this data, the authors conclude that public disenchantment with the public schools is reaching serious proportions, particularly in some parts of the nation (the Deep South, Florida, and the Southwest). (Author/DS)