There are a plethora of innovations in the school curriculum. The Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) the C3 Framework of the National Council Social Studies, the Common Core State Standards (CCSS), The Every Student Succeeds Act of 2015 (ESSA), among others, indicates movement in curriculum modification and change. Classroom teachers…

Each teacher of social studies teacher needs to possess a philosophy of teaching and learning. Philosophy provides guidance and direction in choosing objectives, learning activities, and assessment procedures. Each philosophy to be discussed will possess differences in meaning and implementation. It is salient to understand relevant philosophical…