Examines how painters and other artists who lived in the eighteenth, nineteenth, and twentieth centuries learned to draw as children. Results supported the conventionalist view of how children learn to draw, i.e., most of the children learned to draw by copying directly from pictures. (RM)

Studies the employment of collage by young children as a symbolic activity in organized educational settings. Establishes a taxonomy of collage types and observes their development in two kindergarten classes. Concludes that collage promotes the acquisition of a flexible sequence of skills and reflects a range of abilities and approaches. (DSK)