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Direct linkHayiou-Thomas, Marianna E.; Smith-Woolley, Emily; Dale, Philip S. – Developmental Science, 2021
This study examines whether, and how, multiple risks in early childhood are associated with an increased likelihood of a poor language or literacy outcome in early adolescence. Using data from 210 participants in the longitudinal Twins Early Developmental Study, we focus on the following risk factors at age 4: family risk, and poor language,…
Descriptors: Early Experience, Risk, Early Adolescents, Twins
Stumm, Sophie; Rimfeld, Kaili; Dale, Philip S.; Plomin, Robert – Child Development, 2020
We compared the extent to which the long-term influence of family socioeconomic status (SES) on children's school performance from age 7 through 16 years was mediated by their preschool verbal and nonverbal ability. In 661 British children, who completed 17 researcher-administered ability tests at age 4.5 years, SES correlated more strongly with…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Socioeconomic Status, Verbal Ability, Academic Achievement
Dale, Philip S.; von Stumm, Sophie; Selzam, Saskia; Hayiou-Thomas, Marianna E. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2020
Purpose: The ability to identify children early in development who are at substantial risk for language/literacy difficulties would have great benefit both for the children and for the educational and therapeutic institutions that serve them. Information that is relatively easily available prior to the age of 3 years, such as late talking, family…
Descriptors: Genetics, Scores, Risk, Prediction
Viding, Essi; Price, Thomas S.; Spinath, Frank M.; Bishop, Dorothy V. M.; Dale, Philip S.; Plomin, Robert – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2003
This study of 4-year-old twins investigated the genetic and environmental origins of comorbidity between language impairment and nonverbal ability by testing the extent to which language impairment in one twin predicted nonverbal ability in the co-twin. Impairment of language ability was defined as scores below the 15th percentile on a general…
Descriptors: Twins, Language Impairments, Language Tests, Genetics
Genetic and Environmental Covariation between Verbal and Nonverbal Cognitive Development in Infancy.
Peer reviewedPrice, Thomas S.; Eley, Thalia C.; Dale, Philip S.; Stevenson, Jim; Plomin, Robert – Child Development, 2000
Examined infant verbal and nonverbal cognitive development for 1,937 pairs of same-sex 2-year-old twins. Found that verbal and nonverbal development correlated .42. Genetic factors were responsible for less than half of this phenotypic correlation. The genetic correlation between verbal and nonverbal abilities was only .30, suggesting that genetic…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Infants, Nature Nurture Controversy
Hayiou-Thomas, Marianna E.; Harlaar, Nicole; Dale, Philip S.; Plomin, Robert – Journal of Research in Reading, 2006
We use a genetically sensitive design to examine the relationship between language and nonverbal ability at 4 and a half and reading skills at 7 years of age in a sample of more than 1,000 children participating in the Twins Early Development Study. We find that nonphonological as well as phonological measures of early language make significant…
Descriptors: Twins, Emergent Literacy, Language Skills, Nonverbal Ability
Peer reviewedColledge, Essi; Bishop, Dorothy V.M.; Koeppen-Schomerus, Gesina; Price, Thomas S.; Happe, Francesca G.E.; Eley, Thalia C.; Dale, Philip S.; Plomin, Robert – Developmental Psychology, 2002
Language development was studied in 310 pairs of 4-year-old twins. Rotated factor analyses indicated presence of a general language factor (L) and a general nonverbal factor (NV). Moderate genetic influence was found for L and NV abilities. Bivariate genetic analysis estimated a genetic correlation of .63 between L and NV abilities. Results…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Factor Analysis, Individual Differences, Language Acquisition
