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Kovas, Yulia; Hayiou-Thomas, Marianna E.; Oliver, Bonamy; Dale, Philip S.; Bishop, Dorothy V. M.; Plomin, Robert – Child Development, 2005
The genetic and environmental etiologies of diverse aspects of language ability and disability, including articulation, phonology, grammar, vocabulary, and verbal memory, were investigated in a U.K. sample of 787 pairs of 4.5-year-old same-sex and opposite-sex twins. Moderate genetic influence was found for all aspects of language in the normal…
Descriptors: Phonology, Language Skills, Environmental Influences, Etiology
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Viding, Essi; Spinath, Frank M.; Price, Thomas S.; Bishop, Dorothy V. M.; Dale, Philip S.; Plomin, Robert – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2004
Background: We investigated the aetiology of language impairment in 579 four-year-old twins with low language performance and their co-twins, members of 160 MZ twin pairs, 131 same-sex DZ pairs and 102 opposite-sex DZ pairs. Methods: Language impairment in 4-year-olds was defined by scores below the 15th percentile on a general factor derived from…
Descriptors: Twins, Etiology, Language Impairments, Language Tests