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Breadth versus Depth: Cumulative Risk Model and Continuous Measure Prediction of Poor Language and Reading Outcomes at 12
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Hayiou-Thomas, Marianna E.; Smith-Woolley, Emily; Dale, Philip S. – Developmental Science, 2021
This study examines whether, and how, multiple risks in early childhood are associated with an increased likelihood of a poor language or literacy outcome in early adolescence. Using data from 210 participants in the longitudinal Twins Early Developmental Study, we focus on the following risk factors at age 4: family risk, and poor language,…
Descriptors: Early Experience, Risk, Early Adolescents, Twins
Preschool Verbal and Nonverbal Ability Mediate the Association between Socioeconomic Status and School Performance
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Stumm, Sophie; Rimfeld, Kaili; Dale, Philip S.; Plomin, Robert – Child Development, 2020
We compared the extent to which the long-term influence of family socioeconomic status (SES) on children's school performance from age 7 through 16 years was mediated by their preschool verbal and nonverbal ability. In 661 British children, who completed 17 researcher-administered ability tests at age 4.5 years, SES correlated more strongly with…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Socioeconomic Status, Verbal Ability, Academic Achievement
Does the Inclusion of a Genome-Wide Polygenic Score Improve Early Risk Prediction for Later Language and Literacy Delay?
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Dale, Philip S.; von Stumm, Sophie; Selzam, Saskia; Hayiou-Thomas, Marianna E. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2020
Purpose: The ability to identify children early in development who are at substantial risk for language/literacy difficulties would have great benefit both for the children and for the educational and therapeutic institutions that serve them. Information that is relatively easily available prior to the age of 3 years, such as late talking, family…
Descriptors: Genetics, Scores, Risk, Prediction