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Cronnell, Bruce – Research in the Teaching of English, 1979
Concludes from three studies that Black English speakers may not spell as well as standard English speakers and that Black English itself can interfere with spelling. (DD)
Descriptors: Black Dialects, Elementary School Students, Language Research, Primary Education
Kligman, Donna; Cronnell, Bruce – 1974
Three studies of the relationship of Black English (BE) pronunciation to spelling performance are reported in this document. The first study explored a large number of BE pronunciation features. The second included control features that do not have differing pronunciations in BE and standard English (SE). The third examined final consonant…
Descriptors: Black Dialects, Nonstandard Dialects, North American English, Pronunciation

Cronnell, Bruce – Journal of Research and Development in Education, 1983
This paper reviews research about how speaking a dialect can influence students' writing and how writing should be taught to students who speak a dialect of English. Literature on the writing errors commonly made by speakers of Black English and other American dialects is summarized. (PP)
Descriptors: Black Dialects, Error Patterns, Language Role, Nonstandard Dialects

Cronnell, Bruce – Journal of Educational Research, 1984
This article presents an analysis of errors found in writing samples produced by Black children in urban schools. Errors influenced by Black-English oral usage, hypercorrections, and morphologic errors influenced by Black-English speech patterns are focused upon. (Author/DF)
Descriptors: Black Dialects, Black Students, Elementary Education, Elementary School Students
Cronnell, Bruce – 1982
A study investigated errors in the writing of black students to determine how those errors were influenced by black oral English. Writing samples were gathered from 99 third grade and 68 sixth grade students in a school in an inner city, low income neighborhood. All errors in the samples were listed and analyzed. In the samples produced by the…
Descriptors: Black Dialects, Black Youth, Economically Disadvantaged, Elementary Education
Cronnell, Bruce – 1981
This paper reviews how various nonstandard dialects of English may influence written products and how writing may be taught to speakers of such dialects. Sections of the literature review focus on the speech patterns of black English, of other English dialects, and of other languages, and on how these patterns manifest themselves in written…
Descriptors: Black Dialects, Dialect Studies, Elementary Secondary Education, Error Patterns