The quality of the physical environment in which children learn is a critical education capacity factor that contributes to their academic success and well-being. Adequate levels of fiscal investment in school infrastructure are essential to ensure that all students and staff have access to a physical environment conducive to learning; that is, one that is safe, healthy, and educationally appropriate. To that end, the objectives of this study were threefold: (1) To estimate the current level of school infrastructure funding need on a state-by-state basis; (2)To compare these estimates to those of the previous state-by-state assessment in 2001; and (3) To determine the nature and impact of recent court cases that have addressed school infrastructure. There were a number of major findings. Total estimated school infrastructure need remained substantial at approximately $254.6 billion. Funding need ranged from $326 million in Vermont to $25.4 billion in California. Average state funding need was $5.1 billion. The total represented a 4.3% decrease in funding need from 2001, in unadjusted dollars. Litigation related to school finance generally and school infrastructure funding specifically continued to be found mainly at the state level. Over the last seven years, there have been major, new court decisions around school infrastructure and its funding in states such as Arkansas and New York. In a number of states, litigation or implementation of previous court decisions requiring additional infrastructure funding is ongoing. Overall, major court decisions have resulted in substantial increases in school infrastructure funding in some states. However, litigation as a strategy to meet total school infrastructure funding need has limitations. Appended are: (1) Resource Persons (alphabetical by state); (2) Reference List of State Assessments of School Infrastructure Funding Need; and (3) States Sorted by Regional Typology and Matching Variables. (Contains 1 figure, 8 tables, and 163 footnotes.)