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Peer reviewedWashington, Julie A.; Craig, Holly K.; Kushmaul, Amy J. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 1998
This study compared the effect of two language sampling elicitation contexts, free play and picture descriptions, on variability in the use of African American English (AAE) with 65 normally developing African American children (ages 4 to 6) from lower socioeconomic status homes. Picture descriptions elicited more AAE usage overall, a larger set…
Descriptors: Black Dialects, Black Youth, Data Collection, Disadvantaged Youth
Direct linkCraig, Holly K.; Washington, Julie A. – Psychology Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2005
"Malik Goes to School: Examining the Language Skills of African American Students From Preschool-5th Grade" synthesizes a decade of research by the authors, Holly Craig and Julie Washington, on the oral language and literacy skills of African American children from preschool to fifth grade. Their research has characterized significant influences…
Descriptors: African American Students, Elementary School Students, Preschool Children, Black Dialects
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