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| Meta Analysis | 2 |
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| Academic Achievement | 1 |
| Achievement Need | 1 |
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| Elementary School Students | 1 |
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| Cooper, Harris | 2 |
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| Dorr, Nancy | 1 |
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| Lindsay, James | 1 |
| Nye, Barbara | 1 |
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| Information Analyses | 2 |
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Peer reviewedCooper, Harris; Nye, Barbara; Charlton, Kelly; Lindsay, James; Greathouse, Scott – Review of Educational Research, 1996
A review of 39 studies indicates that achievement-test scores decline over summer vacation. Meta-analysis results from combining the 13 most recent studies indicate that the summer loss equals about one month on a grade-level equivalent scale. Discusses implications for school calendar changes. Contains 68 references. (SLD)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Achievement Tests, Elementary Education, Elementary School Students
Peer reviewedCooper, Harris; Dorr, Nancy – Review of Educational Research, 1995
While a review by S. Graham (1994) found no differences between blacks and whites on measures of need for achievement, this meta-analysis article found reliable and complex race differences. Overall, whites scored higher on measures of need for achievement, although differences nearly disappeared in studies after 1970. Possible explanations are…
Descriptors: Achievement Need, Blacks, Comparative Analysis, Literature Reviews
