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Salomon, Gavriel; Clark, Richard E. – Review of Educational Research, 1977
The major theme is that better and more productive studies could emerge if media research would move out of its traditional either-internal- or-external validity conflict. (Author/MV)
Descriptors: Communications, Educational Media, Media Research, Program Effectiveness
Clark, Richard E.; Leonard, Stuart – 1985
The suspected sources of confounding in current meta-analytic studies of computer based instruction (CBI) are uncontrolled effects of instructional method and/or the John Henry Effect (i.e., compensatory rivalry). To determine which confounding is most plausible, a random 30% sample of the 128 studies which formed the original Kulik meta-analyses…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Computer Assisted Instruction, Conventional Instruction, Drills (Practice)