This volume, one in a series in applied linguistics, is a concise handbook of testing theory and practice in foreign language instruction. Two broad categories, "prognosis" and the "evaluation of attainment," are treated in five major chapters, including: (1) prognostic measurement, (2) achievement measurement, (3) proficiency measurement, (4) knowledge measurement, and (5) the role of published tests. The final chapter is particularly concerned with the basic characteristics of published foreign language tests, especially standardized skill tests, and discusses the role which these tests can play in the overall language evaluation program. A major purpose which underlies all of the discussion is that of engaging the teacher or the other test user in carefully analyzing and critically evaluating the measurement instruments which he uses or intends to use in a particular evaluation context. (RL)