Purpose: Informed by the constructivist learning theory, the purpose of this study was to determine the impact of three continuing professional development (CPD) approaches on student learning in a healthful living physical education curriculum. Methods: Physical education teachers (n = 19) received one of the following CPD trainings: (1) "Full Training"; (2) "Expedited Training"; or (3) "Self-Training." The effect of each CPD method was determined by tracking student learning (N = 3,418) with a two-level linear mixed model. Results: The results showed that "Full Training" CPD was able to generate the largest knowledge gain in both the "Healthy Lifestyles Unit" ([beta] = 0.214, p < 0.001) and "Cardio Fitness Club Unit" ([beta] = 0.184, p < 0.01) in comparison with the other two CPD approaches. Discussion: These findings advance our understanding of the role different CPD approaches play in enhancing student learning in the subjects of cardiorespiratory fitness and health lifestyles. Conclusions: The "Full-Training" CPD appears to benefit student learning the most followed by the "Expedited-Training." The "Self-Training" would yield the least learning achievement.