Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the measurement structure of a simplified version of the "Multiple Sclerosis Self-Management Scale" (MSSMS) in a sample of 256 individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: Exploratory factor analysis was utilized to uncover meaningful and interpretable factors. Results: The study yielded three factors as both meaningful and interpretable (medication compliance, MS knowledge, and health maintenance behavior). These factors are reliable and correlated with functional disability and community participation in the theoretically expected directions. Conclusion: Results show the MSSMS to be a promising rehabilitation assessment tool for individuals with MS and rehabilitation counselors to evaluate self-management support needs in the interview, assessment, and rehabilitation planning protocols.