The objective of this study was to explore, by means of the correlational analysis of aggregate data, the relationships between State governmental structure and education policies. More than thirty indexes were developed in the categories of (1) environmental conditions, (2) political system characteristics, and (3) policy outputs. Data from many published and unpublished sources were gathered. Zero-order correlations, partial correlations, and standardized regression coefficients were computed to estimate the relative influence of State governmental structure on education policy. Although the statistical treatment has not been completed, it should contribute to a knowledge of structure and policy relationships and give focus to subsequent research. (Author)