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Direct linkWills, Howard P.; Wehby, Joseph H.; Caldarella, Paul; Williams, Leslie – Preventing School Failure, 2022
Class-Wide Function-Related Intervention Teams (CW-FIT) is a classroom management system using a group contingency involving direct teaching of classroom rules/skills, differential reinforcement of appropriate behaviors, and minimized social attention to inappropriate behaviors. We investigated elementary school teachers' implementation of CW-FIT…
Descriptors: Elementary School Teachers, Classroom Techniques, Program Implementation, Positive Reinforcement
Caldarella, Paul; Larsen, Ross A. A.; Williams, Leslie; Downs, Kade R.; Wills, Howard P.; Wehby, Joseph H. – Educational Psychology, 2020
Although many educators are familiar with a suggested 3:1 or 4:1 praise-to-reprimand ratio (PRR), relatively little research has been conducted on this subject. Three years of data collected across three states in the United States, from 19 elementary schools and 151 classrooms, during a multi-site efficacy trial were used to analyse the effect of…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Learner Engagement, Time on Task, Classroom Techniques
Download full textCaldarella, Paul; Larsen, Ross A. A.; Williams, Leslie; Downs, Kade R.; Wills, Howard P.; Wehby, Joseph H. – Grantee Submission, 2020
Though many educators are familiar with a suggested 3:1 or 4:1 praise-to-reprimand ratio (PRR), relatively little research has been conducted on this subject. Three years of data collected across three states in the United States, from 19 elementary schools and 151 classrooms, during a multi-site efficacy trial were used to analyse the effect of…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Learner Engagement, Time on Task, Classroom Techniques
Bolt, Teresa D.; Hansen, Blake D.; Caldarella, Paul; Young, K. Richard; Williams, Leslie; Wills, Howard P. – International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 2019
This study investigated the effects of varying opportunities to respond when using a behavior management program with three elementary school students with developmental disabilities in a small group special education setting. These students exhibited both academic and behavioral difficulties. With the implementation of Class-Wide Function-Related…
Descriptors: Student Behavior, Developmental Disabilities, Elementary School Students, Special Education
Nelson, Melanie A.; Caldarella, Paul; Hansen, Blake D.; Graham, Mark A.; Williams, Leslie; Wills, Howard P. – Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 2018
Disruptive student behavior, a common concern for teachers, presents particular challenges for those who teach art. Class-Wide Function-Related Intervention Teams (CW-FIT) is a multitiered intervention for implementing effective classroom management strategies aligned with schoolwide positive behavior interventions and supports. CW-FIT has proven…
Descriptors: Student Behavior, Behavior Problems, Art Education, Intervention
Wills, Howard; Kamps, Debra; Caldarella, Paul; Wehby, Joseph; Romine, Rebecca Swinburne – Elementary School Journal, 2018
The purpose of the study was to conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to demonstrate efficacy of the Class-wide Function-Related Intervention Teams (CW-FIT) program. The study was designed to replicate an initial RCT conducted by the CW-FIT developers in 1 site, with 2 additional research groups not involved in its development. The study was…
Descriptors: Intervention, Randomized Controlled Trials, Student Diversity, Program Effectiveness
Caldarella, Paul; Christensen, Lynnette; Young, Kenneth Richard; Densley, Colleen – Intervention in School and Clinic, 2011
Principals and teachers consider student tardiness to be a serious problem. Some have argued that tardiness is a widespread problem with serious effects, particularly for younger students who must depend on their parents to get them to school on time. Students who are frequently tardy may miss important opening announcements or academic…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Behavior Problems, Intervention, Positive Reinforcement
