This book helps teachers examine how children learn mathematics, develop a positive attitude toward and an interest in mathematics, teach mathematics with problem solving as the primary focus, understand the elements of a comprehensive mathematics curriculum, and establish a classroom environment that supports children's learning of mathematics. The book is organized into four main parts: (1) raising the issues that address topics basic to mathematics teaching; (2) problem-solving activities in with a sampler of explorations for each area of the mathematics curriculum; (3) teaching arithmetic to address the role of arithmetic in the mathematics curriculum with suggestions on how to teach arithmetic in a way that develops both understanding and skills; and (4) mathematical discussions that address the mathematical ideas and skills for 40 of the activities included in the book. Also included is a bibliography of books, articles, videotapes, and audiotapes as well as blackline masters needed for activities. (KHR)