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Low-Income Children's School Readiness: Parent Contributions over the First Five Years
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Chazan-Cohen, Rachel; Raikes, Helen; Brooks-Gunn, Jeanne; Ayoub, Catherine; Pan, Barbara Alexander; Kisker, Ellen E.; Roggman, Lori; Fuligni, Allison Sidle – Early Education and Development, 2009
Early development is likely influenced by quality of early parenting and improvements or declines in quality over time. Little is known about how changes in different dimensions of parenting influence child outcomes, nor the relative sizes of associations when considering several aspects simultaneously. These questions are addressed in the Early…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, School Readiness, Low Income Groups, Disadvantaged Youth
Correlates and Consequences of Spanking and Verbal Punishment for Low-Income White, African American, and Mexican American Toddlers
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Berlin, Lisa J.; Ispa, Jean M.; Fine, Mark A.; Malone, Patrick S.; Brooks-Gunn, Jeanne; Brady-Smith, Christy; Ayoub, Catherine; Bai, Yu – Child Development, 2009
This study examined the prevalence, predictors, and outcomes of spanking and verbal punishment in 2,573 low-income White, African American, and Mexican American toddlers at ages 1, 2, and 3. Both spanking and verbal punishment varied by maternal race/ethnicity. Child fussiness at age 1 predicted spanking and verbal punishment at all 3 ages.…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Low Income, Toddlers, Whites