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Direct linkChang, Minyu; Brainerd, C. J. – Metacognition and Learning, 2023
Making judgments of learning (JOLs) can sometimes modify subsequent memory performance, which is referred to as JOL reactivity. We evaluated two major theoretical explanations of JOL reactivity and used the dual-retrieval model to pinpoint the retrieval processes that are modified by JOLs. The changed-goal hypothesis assumes that JOLs highlight…
Descriptors: Cues, Evaluative Thinking, Models, Recall (Psychology)
Brainerd, C. J.; Bialer, D. M.; Chang, M.; Upadhyay, P. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
In recognition memory, anything that is objectively new is necessarily not-old, and anything that is objectively old is necessarily not-new. Therefore, judging whether a test item is new is logically equivalent to judging whether it is old, and conversely. Nevertheless, a series of 10 experiments showed that old? and new? judgments did not produce…
Descriptors: Memory, Recognition (Psychology), Novelty (Stimulus Dimension), Evaluative Thinking
