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Baumgartner, Ted A.; Gaunt, Sharon j. – Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 2005
Traditionally the pull-up was used as a measure of arm and shoulder girdle strength and endurance. This measure did not discriminate among ability levels because many zero scores occur. Baumgartner (1978) developed a modified pull-up test that was easier than the traditional pull-up test. The Baumgartner Modified Pull-Up (BMPU) has been used as an…
Descriptors: Construct Validity, Physical Fitness, Tests, Physical Activities
Zuidema, Marvin A.; Baumgartner, Ted A. – Research Quarterly, 1974
This study tested the hypothesis that the domain of physical fitness could be defined by the four factors of upper body, trunk, leg, and cardiorespiratory strength and endurance. (JS)
Descriptors: Factor Analysis, Human Body, Muscular Strength, Physical Education

Baumgartner, Ted A. – Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance, 1989
Georgia physical education teachers (N=327) were surveyed to determine: the extent of their use of AAHPERD's Youth Fitness Test (YFT) and Health-Related Physical Fitness Test (HRFT), test item preferences, and the influence of certain variables on teacher beliefs and practices with regard to YFT and HRFT. (IAH)
Descriptors: Elementary Secondary Education, Physical Education, Physical Education Teachers, Physical Fitness