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Sent Home and Put Off-Track: The Antecedents, Disproportionalities, and Consequences of Being Suspended in the Ninth Grade
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Balfanz, Robert; Byrnes, Vaughan; Fox, Joanna – Journal of Applied Research on Children, 2014
This study is based upon a longitudinal analysis of data for a cohort of 181,897 Florida state students who were first time 9th graders in the 2000-01 school year and follows them trough to high school and post-secondary outcomes. Analysis of 9th grade suspension data finds that black students, students who are economically disadvantaged, and…
Descriptors: Middle School Students, Grade 9, Suspension, Outcomes of Education