The materials presented were developed for use in a series of conferences on testing and instruction sponsored by the National Institute of Education, with the United States Office of Education, the UCLA Center for the Study of Evaluation, and a network of research and development agencies. They are intended for use by school practitioners and others concerned with the development or selection of tests geared toward local curricula and objectives. The development and validation process is described. The volume provides procedures for selecting or developing tests that are instructionally relevant and technically sound. Two procedures for test development rely on domain specifications and item review for congruence with these specifications. The two procedures for test selection are concerned with a test's relevance and its technical properties. Domain specifications connect learning outcomes to instructional content and the assessment of learning by providing rules for describing the domain, generating items, and setting their linguistic and cognitive complexity. The test selection procedures consider a test's instructional relevance to specified skills and objectives and its technical qualities. A training unit and practice materials for each procedure and a facilitator's guide are provided. (Author/CM)