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The Source Code: Revenue Composition and the Adequacy, Equity, and Stability of K-12 School Spending
Download full textBaker, Bruce D.; Di Carlo, Matthew; Oberfield, Zachary W. – Albert Shanker Institute, 2023
School finance debates frequently turn on two crucial questions: (1) How much do state and local governments spend on K-12 education?; and (2) How are education dollars distributed across jurisdictions? This focus makes sense because the answers to these questions determine how well states are able to provide an adequate, equal education for all…
Descriptors: Educational Finance, Elementary Secondary Education, Income, Educational Equity (Finance)
Baker, Bruce D.; Di Carlo, Matthew; Weber, Mark – Albert Shanker Institute, 2022
Over the past 10-15 years, there has emerged a growing consensus, supported by high-quality empirical research, that additional funding improves student outcomes (and funding cuts hurt those outcomes), particularly among disadvantaged students. There are, of course, serious and important debates about how education funding should be spent. Yet…
Descriptors: Educational Finance, Educational Equity (Finance), State Aid, Financial Support
The Politics of Progressivity: Court-Ordered Reforms, Racial Difference, and School Finance Fairness
Peer reviewed
Direct linkOberfield, Zachary W.; Baker, Bruce D. – American Educational Research Journal, 2022
This article contributes to our understanding of American education politics by exploring when and why states redistribute K-12 education dollars to poorer schools. It does so by examining three explanations for intrastate changes in progressivity: court-ordered finance reforms, political trends, and demographic changes. Using state-level data…
Descriptors: Politics of Education, Court Litigation, Educational Finance, State Aid
Baker, Bruce D.; Di Carlo, Matthew; Weber, Mark – Albert Shanker Institute, 2022
In this report, the authors propose and simulate a framework for a new foundation formula approach to distributing federal K-12 education aid. This proposal, with full funding and compliance, would provide every school district with the estimated revenues necessary to reach the goal of average national outcomes in mathematics and reading. The…
Descriptors: Funding Formulas, Educational Finance, Federal Aid, Elementary Secondary Education
Baker, Bruce D.; Di Carlo, Matthew; Reist, Kayla; Weber, Mark – Albert Shanker Institute, 2021
The State Indicators Database (SID), which is the School Finance Indicators Database's (SFID) primary product, includes approximately 125 variables, but this report focuses on three key school finance measures: fiscal effort, adequacy, and progressivity. This report discusses how states' systems tend to mediate the impact of economic downturns and…
Descriptors: Educational Finance, Educational Equity (Finance), State Aid, Financial Support
Baker, Bruce D.; Di Carlo, Matthew; Schneider, Lauren; Weber, Mark – Albert Shanker Institute, 2021
The State Indicators Database (SID), which is the School Finance Indicators Database's (SFID) primary product, includes approximately 125 variables, but this report focuses on three key school finance measures: fiscal effort, adequacy, and progressivity. This report discusses how states' systems tend to mediate the impact of economic downturns and…
Descriptors: Educational Equity (Finance), State Aid, Financial Support, Educational Finance
