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Direct linkAndrich, David – Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 2016
Since Cronbach's (1951) elaboration of a from its introduction by Guttman (1945), this coefficient has become ubiquitous in characterizing assessment instruments in education, psychology, and other social sciences. Also ubiquitous are caveats on the calculation and interpretation of this coefficient. This article summarizes a recent contribution…
Descriptors: Computation, Correlation, Test Theory, Measures (Individuals)
Andrich, David – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2016
This article reproduces correspondence between Georg Rasch of The University of Copenhagen and Benjamin Wright of The University of Chicago in the period from January 1966 to July 1967. This correspondence reveals their struggle to operationalize a unidimensional measurement model with sufficient statistics for responses in a set of ordered…
Descriptors: Statistics, Item Response Theory, Rating Scales, Mathematical Models
Andrich, David; Humphry, Stephen M.; Marais, Ida – Applied Psychological Measurement, 2012
Models of modern test theory imply statistical independence among responses, generally referred to as "local independence." One violation of local independence occurs when the response to one item governs the response to a subsequent item. Expanding on a formulation of this kind of violation as a process in the dichotomous Rasch model,…
Descriptors: Test Theory, Models, Item Response Theory, Evidence
Humphry, Stephen; Heldsinger, Sandra; Andrich, David – Applied Measurement in Education, 2014
One of the best-known methods for setting a benchmark standard on a test is that of Angoff and its modifications. When scored dichotomously, judges estimate the probability that a benchmark student has of answering each item correctly. As in most methods of standard setting, it is assumed implicitly that the unit of the latent scale of the…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Standard Setting (Scoring), Judges, Item Response Theory
Andrich, David; Kreiner, Svend – Applied Psychological Measurement, 2010
Models of modern test theory imply statistical independence among responses, generally referred to as "local independence." One violation of local independence occurs when the response to one item governs the response to a subsequent item. Expanding on a formulation of this kind of violation as a process in the dichotomous Rasch model,…
Descriptors: Test Theory, Item Response Theory, Test Items, Correlation
Andrich, David – Psychometrika, 2010
Rasch models are characterised by sufficient statistics for all parameters. In the Rasch unidimensional model for two ordered categories, the parameterisation of the person and item is symmetrical and it is readily established that the total scores of a person and item are sufficient statistics for their respective parameters. In contrast, in the…
Descriptors: Simulation, Computation, Statistics, Item Response Theory
