Reading comprehension is a critical skill for student success in school, the workplace, and daily life, yet many students display significant reading comprehension deficits. This article describes the impact effective strategy instruction can have on the reading outcomes of students with learning disabilities and related challenges. A discussion on the various methods (e.g., written retell, oral retell, comprehension questions) for assessing reading comprehension and examples of practical applications of reading comprehension assessments for classroom use are included.