This paper discusses research findings associated with differences in pay among women and men in higher education and examines the notion that salary differences can be explained as a result of women being more care oriented than men; i.e., women possess a greater level of caring for others, sensitivity to others, and a connectedness to others. It is suggested that men and women possess different views of competitive success that is reflected in their moral orientations, and both are disadvantaged by them, females in competitive circumstances and males in relationships. Males generally express a justice orientation to competitive success whereas the care orientation that appears to predominate in women, has a potentially negative impact on women's salaries and promotions. As to legal issues, the courts have not recognized comparable worth claims because higher education supposedly functions under a market economy that is, by definition, unbiased. However, employers must now prove that their pay policies are not a result of discriminatory decision making. Gender inequity in higher education continues to exist. To help remedy these inequities, election of more women to the national legislature is urged as is the passing of a national family policy. (Contains 33 references.) (GLR)