The goals of this learning packet are to: (1) increase understanding of the Soviet system; (2) enhance appreciation of U.S. constitutionally guaranteed rights; and (3) inform students of how governmental policies of both nations are reflected in the lives of ordinary people. The 17 reproducible lessons are designed to present: (1) the philosophy and structure of government; (2) the rights of citizens; and (3) with the work and home life of ordinary Soviet and U.S. people. In lessons 1-3, students define and distinguish between the political and economic systems of the United States and the Soviet Union. In lessons 4-9, students compare the rights to free speech, free press, fair trial, suitable punishment for crimes, free worship, and free movement in the United States and the Soviet Union. Students also analyze how government policies are reflected in the lives of contemporary Soviet dissidents and refuseniks, and they will study the U.S. judicial and political systems. In lessons 10-16, students draw comparisons between education, work, crime, and home life in the Soviet Union and the United States. In lesson l7, students analyze reasons that the U.S. government is democratic and the Soviet government is totalitarian. A teacher's guide, which outlines the objectives and teaching strategies for the module, is included with the packet. (SM)