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Pre-Service Teachers' Defensive Pessimism in Situ: Two Case Studies within a Mathematics Classroom
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Merz, Alice H.; Swim, Terri Jo – Teaching and Teacher Education: An International Journal of Research and Studies, 2008
In this study, defensive pessimism is reviewed in relation to anxiety, self-esteem, expectations, self-regulation, and self-handicapping. Then, two case studies of American pre-service teachers in a mathematics classroom are provided that move the research beyond survey and correlational studies. In the case analyses, defensive pessimists'…
Descriptors: Learning Strategies, Case Studies, Defense Mechanisms, Mathematics Instruction