Continuing growth in immigration in the U.S. and other countries worldwide means an increased number of speakers of languages other than English or other national languages in classrooms, thus raising a need for teachers prepared for linguistically diverse student populations. While recent research in teaching and teacher education has pointed to…

One important concept in the development of number knowledge is the cardinality principle, or knowing that the last word counted refers to the total number of items within the set. One prominent theory suggests that children learn this concept by observing sets being both counted and labeled with the correct set size (e.g., 1-2-3! 3!), thus…