This course, one of 16 sequential courses comprising phase one of a part-time Bachelor of Arts degree program in Australian Studies, discusses the conditions, mechanisms, and functions that characterize classificatory systems, taking as an example the 19th century classification of some types of behavior as madness. It is designed for independent study combined with tutorial sessions. Chapter 1 is an introduction to the course and its study objectives. Chapter 2, "All the Things That Count as Classifications," deals with the problems of classification systems. Chapter 3, "Two Types of Reasoning about Madness," discusses the history of thinking about mental disorders. Chapter 4, "From Madness to Mental Illness," discusses changes in the institutions and structures dealing with the mentally ill. Chapter 5, "The Asylum: Cure by Classification," discusses institutionalization and medical control. The conclusion discusses the effects of classification. Two tutorials are also included, one dealing with the process of classification, the other with classification and mental illness. Also included are lists of required readings, additional readings, a bibliography, and self-assessment questions. (IS)