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Low, Jean M. – Teaching of Psychology, 1995
Reports on a study to determine the impact of feedback on academic achievement. Finds that students who received daily feedback scored significantly better on tests than students who received partial or no feedback. Maintains that the benefits to students outweigh any difficulties for teachers. (CFR)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Educational Strategies, Feedback, Higher Education

Kennedy, Craig H.; Souza, Geri – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1995
Four studies analyzed eye poking behavior of a youth with profound disabilities. Results demonstrated substantive reductions in the frequency of eye poking when goggles were worn and when a video game was provided as a competing source of visual stimulation and as a reinforcer. Music was less effective in reducing eye poking. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Adolescents, Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Case Studies
Wetzel, Mary C.; Taylor, M. Jo – Education and Training in Mental Retardation, 1991
Analysis of videotapes of training procedures with 12 developmentally disabled adults in a horticultural day work program found an overall staff emphasis on selectively attending to workers' successful behavior with evidence of both efficiency and effectiveness of this approach. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Developmental Disabilities, Efficiency, Horticulture
Fox, Lise; Westling, David – Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps (JASH), 1991
This article describes an intervention in which three parents were taught to use facilitative strategies when interacting with their children with profound mental retardation. The intervention consisted of reinforcing appropriate parent behavior as it was being observed by them on prerecorded videotapes. Facilitative strategies included the use of…
Descriptors: Interaction, Intervention, Parent Child Relationship, Parent Education

Neef, Nancy A.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1993
The first of two studies with two adolescent students with serious emotional disturbances examined the interaction between unequal rates of reinforcement and equal versus unequal delays to reinforcer access on performance of math problems. The second study examined the interactive effects of reinforcer rate, quality, and delay. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Adolescents, Conceptual Tempo, Emotional Disturbances, Individual Differences

Lalli, Joseph S.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1993
A behavioral consultation approach was effectively used to reduce problem behaviors in 2 field studies with 3 students (ages 10-14) having severe or profound mental retardation and their teachers. Intervention involved extinction of inappropriate behaviors, reinforcement of appropriate play behaviors, and teaching verbal skills functionally…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Consultation Programs, Extinction (Psychology)

Piazza, Cathleen C.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1996
A stimulus preference assessment was evaluated with an adult and a child with profound mental retardation and severe self-injurious behavior, in order to better predict both the beneficial and negative side effects of stimuli in differential-reinforcement-of-other-behavior treatments. (DB)
Descriptors: Adults, Behavior Modification, Case Studies, Children

Hoch, Theodore A.; And Others – Education and Treatment of Children, 1996
This study of 15 children with feeding disorders investigated identification of effective behavioral reinforcers by comparing outcomes and time requirements of two procedures in which presence in a particular area produced access to a preferred stimulus (i.e., zone discrimination). Both procedures were viable reinforcer identification tools, but…
Descriptors: Behavior Disorders, Behavior Modification, Children, Comparative Analysis
Witt, Joseph C.; And Others – 1983
A home-based reinforcement program was instituted with three underachieving fourth graders who exhibited inappropriate behavior. Each day the children brought home a workbook assignment indicating percentage of correct responses and parents provided reinforcement for correct items and for improvement over time. Effectiveness on completion of daily…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Grade 4
Schunk, Dale H. – 1987
This paper reviews self-efficacy research with special emphasis on students in school. Bandura's emphasis on domain-specific assessment is useful for understanding student learning and fits well with current research on instructional processes. A self-efficacy model of student learning is presented, comprising entry characteristics, self-efficacy…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Cognitive Style, Epistemology, Feedback

Ahearn, William H.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1996
The effects of two methods of negative reinforcement on three young children (ages two and three) with developmental delays and chronic food refusal were examined. Physically guiding the child to accept food contingent on noncompliance and nonremoval of the spoon until the child ate were tested. Both treatments were effective; however, parents…
Descriptors: Behavior Disorders, Behavior Modification, Developmental Delays, Eating Disorders

Fisher, Wayne W.; Iwata, Brian A. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1996
Discussion of the functional relationship between self-injurious behavior (SIB) and self-restraint in people with severe disabilities considers SIB and self-restraint as members of the same functional response class, SIB and self-restraint as functionally independent responses, access to self-restraint as positive reinforcement of SIB, termination…
Descriptors: Behavior Patterns, Behavior Problems, Behavioral Science Research, Case Studies

Stack, Dale M.; McDonnell, Paul M. – International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 1995
In order to evaluate possibilities of fitting myoelectrically controlled prosthetic arms on infants, this study examined whether 32 infants (1-6 months) could learn to control environmental contingencies by means of contracting the forearm flexor muscle group. Results indicated that older subjects (age greater than 104 days) demonstrated learning,…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Amputations, Cognitive Development, Infants

Vollmer, Timothy R.; And Others – Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1992
A modified functional analysis was used to assess the behavioral function of a profoundly retarded man's self-injurious behavior (SIB). Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior effectively reduced SIB and related behavior problems, while compliance of a self-care acquisition task increased markedly. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Adults, Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Case Studies
McCann, C. Douglas; Gotlib, Ian H. – 1983
Cognitive processes, particularly in regard to negative content schemata, seem to play an instrumental role in the development and maintenance of depression. In order to better understand the nature of negative schemata in depressed individuals, both depressed and nondepressed subjects participated in two studies in which they were required to…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Style, Depression (Psychology), Emotional Response