Reports on a survey of 1,077 German students and 233 teachers about different forms of student violence. Finds that the perpetrators were nearly all male, while victims were both male and female. Observes that, in comparison with previous studies, the rate of school violence does not appear to be on the increase. (CFR)

Individuals such as Mohandas Gandhi and Martin Luther King, Jr. successfully employed nonviolent strategies to attain significant political goals. Despite the implications of these achievements, psychologists rarely have studied predispositions to nonviolent behavior empirically. This study investigated the relationships among nonviolent…

A study of campus characteristics and crime rates used an economic theory of criminal choice to develop an explanatory model of campus crime. The model considered combinations of opportunities, incentives, and costs found on college campuses that may affect criminal choice. The components included location, accessibility, deterrents and wealth of…

This study examined student attitudes and behaviors regarding campus safety at a large rural university. A 31-item instrument was developed, and a panel of eight expert judges reviewed the survey items. A total of 16 residence halls participated in the study, and 970 surveys were distributed with 529 returns. A principal components analysis…

This comprehensive report shows how hunger is interrelated with other social ills, including powerlessness, violence, poverty, environmental destruction, and discrimination. More than a billion people are too poor to afford an adequate diet and other essential of life such as health care, housing, sanitation, safe water, and education. In the…

Examines the enormous pressure Chinese students face at home and in school to obtain high academic achievement. Analyzes the cultural, economic, and political factors contributing to the situation. Concludes with an argument for balancing educational goals with other aspects of the students' lives. (MJP)

Maintains that, during the intifada (the revolt of Palestinians against Israeli occupation), the social order and power bases in Arab schools in East Jerusalem were transformed by significant social change. Discusses the rapid decline in teachers' authority and students' abuse of teachers and their property. (CFR)

Health risk behaviors (substance use, violence, suicide, and car safety) of 194 African American urban adolescents with mild mental retardation were measured using either a confidential individual interview or an anonymous group survey. The survey methodology resulted in disclosure of more risk behaviors than the interview methodology. Elevated…

Questions whether attitudes towards gun control are influenced primarily by exposure to high crime rates, prior victimization, and fear of crime, or result from membership in social groups hostile to gun ownership. Maintains that support for gun control is more a product of culture conflict than a response to crime. (MJP)

Presents the results of a study that surveyed a number of U.S. and Scottish undergraduates on the relative acceptance of myths involving sexual assaults. Results suggest that a lower incidence of sexual assaults corresponds to a diminished belief in myths involving rape. Includes statistical analysis of variance. (MJP)

Discusses the treatment of Gypsies and the handicapped by Nazi Germany. Emphasizes that Gypsy populations were decimated in the same percentages as the Jews. Presents information and dates to show parallel developments of racial regulations against Jews, Gypsies, and the handicapped. Urges further research and historiography on the fate of Gypsies…

Contends that a common concern of college faculty is the unpreparedness of incoming freshmen for the demands of college scholarship. Asserts that the public schools have sacrificed educational quality for public relations and the personal advancement of teachers and administrators. (CFR)

Analyzes victimization data obtained from 1,272 Black, Hispanic, and White high school students in Los Angeles (California). Findings include the following: (1) males are victimized more frequently than females; (2) Blacks are victimized more frequently than either Hispanics or Whites; and (3) younger students were victimized less frequently than…

Explores the impact of race on support for police use of deadly force on fleeing felons. Analysis of a phone survey of 239 Cincinnati residents revealed that both black and white's approval of deadly force depended on the degree of danger and the commission of a violent or nonviolent crime. (MJP)

Provides an overview of the research on mass media effects on perceptions of crime danger, personal fear of crime, and reactions to crime risk. Discovers that mass media effects involve a number of variables and moderators. These include audience characteristics, degree and type of coverage, and location. (MJP)