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Boggiano, Ann K.; And Others – Child Development, 1986
Examines the effects of providing different reasons for young children inteacting with a peer during play. Shows that dispositional or situational information about an unknown peer affects children's impressions of that peer differently, depending on the age of the child. (HOD)
Descriptors: Age Differences, Child Development, Childhood Interests, Interpersonal Competence

Roca, J. Vincent; Gross, Alan M. – Education and Treatment of Children, 1996
Three low-achieving third-grade children were exposed to "report-do-report" correspondence training as a reinforcement program to improve academic performance. Intervention involved teaching the children to prompt praise following completing math work, in both training and classroom settings. Students also reported planned behaviors in their…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Generalization, Intervention, Learning Strategies

Iwata, Brian A.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1994
Data are summarized from 152 single-subject analyses of the reinforcing functions of self-injurious behavior (SIB) in individuals with developmental disabilities. Overall results indicated that functional analysis methodologies are extremely effective in identifying the environmental determinants of SIB on an individual basis and, subsequently, in…
Descriptors: Case Studies, Developmental Disabilities, Environmental Influences, Evaluation Methods

Smith, Richard G.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1995
This study compared selection of a preferred reinforcing stimulus just prior to a training session by either the trainer or subject with profound developmental disabilities. Results obtained with four adult subjects indicated little or no difference in reinforcement effects when reinforcing stimuli were selected by subjects rather than trainers.…
Descriptors: Adults, Behavior Modification, Developmental Disabilities, Outcomes of Treatment

Mace, F. Charles; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1992
Behavioral analysis of reinforcers, adversities, and responses to adversities in videotapes of 14 college basketball games found that a team's favorable response to an adversity increased as the rate of reinforcement increased 3 minutes preceding the adversity and that calling time-outs was an effective intervention for reducing the opponent's…
Descriptors: Basketball, Behavioral Science Research, College Athletics, Intercollegiate Cooperation

De Luca, Rayleen V.; Holborn, Stephen W. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1992
The effects of a variable-ratio schedule of reinforcement on pedaling a stationary exercise bicycle were examined with 3 obese and 3 nonobese 11-year-old boys over a 12-week period. The intervention resulted in systematic increases in rate of exercise for all subjects. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Behavioral Science Research, Bicycling, Exercise

Sasso, Gary M.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1992
Teachers of 2 children (ages 7 and 13) with autism were trained to conduct a descriptive analysis and a classroom experimental analysis of aberrant behavior. Each procedure identified negative reinforcement as a maintaining variable for aberrant behavior. Intervention based on the assessment was successfully implemented with one child and had…
Descriptors: Autism, Behavior Problems, Behavioral Science Research, Classroom Techniques

Hershberger, Wayne A. – American Behavioral Scientist, 1990
Discusses the nature of control, examining how organisms as control systems sense or monitor the variable being controlled when responding to environmental changes. Argues that learning is the development of control in an attempt to fit the two phenomena central to traditional learning theory--conditioning and reinforcement--into the broader…
Descriptors: Adjustment (to Environment), Behavior Theories, Behavioral Science Research, Feedback

Neef, Nancy A.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1994
This study examined how reinforcer rate, quality, delay, and response effort combined to influence the choices of six adolescents with emotional disturbance and learning difficulties and the feasibility of an assessment methodology based on matching theory for determining differential responsiveness to reinforcer and response dimensions. Results…
Descriptors: Behavioral Science Research, Contingency Management, Emotional Disturbances, Evaluation Methods
Brown, Sandra A. – 1983
Alcoholism research has independently focused on background characteristics and alcohol-related expectations, e.g., social and physical pleasure, reduced tension, and increased assertiveness, as important variables in identifying high risk individuals. To assess the utility of alcohol reinforcement expectations as predictors of drinking patterns,…
Descriptors: Alcohol Education, Alcoholism, Background, Behavior Patterns
Gollwitzer, Peter M.; Mendez, Roque – 1983
Symbolic self-completion theory postulates that an individual experiencing a shortcoming in one symbolic dimension of a self-defined goal will emphasize an alternative symbolic dimension; these compensatory efforts are considered self-symbolizing. To test this hypothesis two studies were conducted using college females committed either to raising…
Descriptors: College Students, Females, Goal Orientation, Higher Education
Elbel, Jacquelyn; Horton, Irene P. – 1983
Attribution theorists have argued that if an intrinsically motivated activity is extrinsically reinforced, the activity will be devalued and extinguished when the reward is removed. Hypothesizing that activities performed for their instrumental outcome are valued less than activities not so externally oriented, and that activities performed for…
Descriptors: Activities, Attribution Theory, College Students, Higher Education

Morgan, Daniel; And Others – 1981
The study investigated the efficacy of training three behaviorally disordered elementary grade students to recruit reinforcement and assistance from teachers. The study also investigated the effect of systematically fading external experimenter reinforcement of students for prompting and praising teachers in the regular classroom. The three…
Descriptors: Behavior Disorders, Behavior Modification, Elementary Education, Helping Relationship

Beasley, Warren – Science Education, 1985
Analyzes three approaches (physical, mental, combined practice) to improving freshman chemistry psychomotor laboratory skills. Although no significant differences were found between treatments, there were significant differences when each was compared to the control sections. Mental practice appears to offer an efficient methods for reinforcement…
Descriptors: Chemistry, College Science, Higher Education, Laboratory Procedures
Geis, George L. – Performance and Instruction, 1986
This discussion of how conditions of the recipient can affect effectiveness of feedback presents an overview of the topic (feedback functions and feedback about what, when, by whom, and types), and discusses factors affecting formative feedback, i.e., recipients' discrimination repertoires and self-monitoring behavior development in…
Descriptors: Behavior, Classification, Discrimination Learning, Feedback